Effect of armed banditry on personal security among rural dwellers in Niger State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study examined how armed banditry affects personal security among rural residents in Niger State, Nigeria, as part of a broader investigation into human security. Using a cross-sectional, mixed-methods approach, data were obtained from 400 structured questionnaires and 15 semi-structured interviews. The findings from the qualitative study reveal that banditry poses a serious threat to personal safety. Many individuals reported experiences of violence, including the killing or abduction of loved ones, constant fear of attacks, and widespread trauma. These conditions have led residents living in the State to deep psychological distress as banditry significantly disrupts personal security.  The erosion of personal security is compounded by the inadequacy of formal government responses. Most affected communities have resorted to organizing local vigilante groups and self-help security measures to safeguard themselves, due to limited or delayed intervention by state forces. Despite their efforts, these community-led initiatives often lack the resources and coordination needed for effective protection. The study highlights the need for a more robust and coordinated security framework that prioritizes the protection of rural dwellers. It recommends increased government presence in high-risk areas, improved surveillance, and stronger collaboration between formal security agencies and community structures. These measures are essential to restoring trust, reducing trauma, and ensuring the personal safety of rural populations. Addressing the threat of armed banditry requires not only reactive security policies but also proactive strategies that empower and protect vulnerable communities in the long term.